问题：请问如何在文中引用图表？
—某大学化学系博士生
回答：
根据您攻读的专业，先以此本《Scientific Style and Format: The Manual for Authors Editors, and Publishers》（第七版，第586页）一书中的说明。该书建议，论文正文应使用括号的方式来引用图表。您欲投稿的期刊若正好要求此格式，您不妨参考以下的范例，来调整您论文的格式：
原句1：
Figures 1 and 2 show the X-ray photoelectron spectra of the nanoparticle-coated surface before and after oxidation, respectively. Before oxidation, a peak for metallic Ti was observed; whereas after oxidation, broad peaks due to a mixed Ti oxide phase were observed.
修改后：
Before oxidation, a peak for metallic Ti was observed in the X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the nanoparticle-coated surface (Fig. 1); whereas after oxidation, broad peaks due to a mixed Ti oxide phase were observed (Fig. 2).
原句2：
Figure 1 shows the peak after oxidation at 700 K. The peak was observed at 459.2 eV.
修改后：
After oxidation at 700 K, the peak was observed at 459.2 eV (Fig. 1).
原句3：
Figure 4 shows the Arrhenius plot for the exchange reaction. The activation energy of the reaction was determined to be 36 kJ/mol from the slope of the plot.
修改后：
From the slope of Arrhenius plot for the exchange reaction (Fig. 4), we determined the activation energy of the reaction to be 36 kJ/mol.
原句4：
Figure 3 shows the 1H–1H COSY correlations (Figure 3). From these correlations, it was possible to establish five partial structures.
修改后：
From the 1H–1H COSY correlations (Fig. 3), we established five partial structures.
原句5：
The levels of COX-2 expression in the presence and absence of terpenoid 4 are shown in Figures 6 and 7, respectively. COX-2 expression in the presence of 4 was markedly reduced relative to expression in the absence of 4.
修改后：
COX-2 expression in the presence of terpenoid 4 (Fig. 6) was markedly reduced relative to expression in the absence of 4 (Fig. 7).
依据上述范例，可以发现原句中既有实验结果说明又穿插有表格编号，而修改后的句子中，图表编号仅出现在括号内，这样使得读者将阅读重点放在实验结果的说明上，而较不会被图表干扰思路。此外，修改后的句子更加精简，以括号引用图表的撰写方式，也有助于读者更快找到对应的图表。
注：《Scientific Style and Format: The Manual for Authors Editors, and Publishers》该手册目前已为第八版，可参考：https://www.scientificstyleandformat.org/Home.html。
